Management of bronchospasm during general anaesthesia

INTRODUCTION Bronchospasm during general anaesthesia can present in isolation or as a component of a more serious underlying pathology such as anaphylaxis. It is characterised by prolonged expiration, wheeze and increased peak airway pressures during Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (IPPV). Untreated it can cause hypoxia, hypotension and increased morbidity and mortality. Suspected bronchospasm during anaesthesia should be assessed and treated promptly. Ongoing management should address the underlying cause.